JIONGEZE UFAHAMU

Jumatatu ijayo tarehe 03/11/2014 wanafunzi wa kidato cha nne wanakwenda kuanza mitihani yao ya kuhitimu kidato cha nne. Hii ni hatua muhimu sana kwenye maisha yao kwani ndio itapelekea ndoto zao nyingine kuwa kweli. Kama mwananfunzi ana ndoto ya kuwa injinia, rubani, daktari au mwalimu, mitihani hii ni muhimu kwake kufaulu ili kuweza kuendelea na masomo yako.

Hapa napenda kushauri mambo kumi kwa wnafunzi wa kidato cha nne wanaokwenda kuanza mitihani yao. Kwa yeyote anayesoma hapa fikisha ushauri huu kwa mwanafunzi unayemjua, anaweza kuwa kuwa mtoto wako, mdogo wako, ndugu au hata jirani.

1. Kwanza kabisa nitoe hongera kwa wanafunzi wote waliovumilia miaka yote minne na hatimaye sasa mnakaribia kabisa mitihani yenu ya mwisho. Sio kazi ndogo hivyo unastahili pongezi.

2. Kubuka yale uliyosoma na kufundishwa katika miaka yote minne uliyokuwa shuleni. Maswali ya mtihani yanatoka katika mambo hayo.

3. Jiamini unapokuwa kwenye chumba cha mtihani, usiwe na hofu au wasiwasi kwamba mtihani ni mgumu au utafeli. Jitahidi kadiri ya uwezo wako.

4. Wahi kufika kwenye chumba cha mtihani, jitahidi ufike nusu saa kabla ya mtihani kuanza hii itakufanya upate muda wa kutuliza akili. Ukichelewa nakukuta mtihani umeshaanza una nafasi kubwa ya kutofanya vizuri.

5. Unapopewa mtihani wako soma maswali yote kisha chagua maswali unayoweza kuanza nayo na ukayafanya vizuri. Kumbuka huwezi kufanya maswali yote kabisa kwenye mtihani, hivyo anza na yale ambayo unaweza kuyafanya vizuri. Kabla ya kujibu swali hakikisha umelielewa.

6. Ukisikia kuna habari za mtihani umevuja usijihangaishe nazo, zitakupotezea muda na kujiamini na mara nyingi ni habari za uongo. Jiamini kwa yale ambayo umefundishwa na kujisomea, yanakutosha kufaulu mtihani wako.

7. Usipanick, hata unapoona umekosea swali kata na ufanye kwa usahihi. Kukosea swali kwenye mtihani ni swala la kawaida, ila utakapopanick ndio utaharibu kila kitu. Kama umekosea swali, kata na uanze kulifanya kwa usahihi.

8. Ukitoka kwenye chumba cha mtihani msijadili maswali ya mtihani uliopita, unaweza kukata tamaa na kujiona umeshafeli. Mara nyingi baada ya mtihani utapenda kujua wenzako walijibu vipi swali fulani, bahati mbaya sana hakuna hata mmoja wenu ambaye ana jibu sahihi hivyo usisikilize maongezi ya aina hiyo.

9. Siku za mtihani hakikisha unapata usingizi wa kutosha, usikeshe kusoma, akili itashindwa kufikiria vizuri. Hakikisha unapata angalau masaa nane ya kulala na pia hakikisha unapata kifungua kinywa asubuhi kabla ya kwenda kwenye mtihani. Itafanya akili yako iweze kufikiri zaidi.

10. Mwisho kabisa nikuambie kwamba wewe ni hazina kubwa kwa nchi hii, tunakutegemea wewe kama mzalishaji na hata kiongozi wa nchi hii. Jiamini unaweza na fanya maamuzi sahihi kwenye kila hatua utakayokuwa unapitia.

Nakutakia kila la kheri katika mafanikio na ufaulu kwenye mitihani yako.

TUPO PAMOJA.

If you cannot help worrying, remember that worrying cannot help you.

Kama huwezi kuacha kuwa na hofu, kumbuka kwamba hofu haiwezi kukusaidia.

Nakutakia siku njema.

Bila chakula kuchanganyika na mate huwezi kupata ladha yake.
Mate yanalainisha chakula na kukisambaza kwenye sehemu za ulimi zinazopima ladha.

October 29

1618
Sir Walter Raleigh is executed. After the death of Queen Elizabeth, Raleigh's enemies spread rumors that he was opposed the accession of King James.

1787
Mozart's opera Don Giovanni opens in Prague.

1814
The Demologos, the first steam-powered warship, launched in New York City.

1901
Leon Czolgosz is electrocuted for the assassination of US President William McKinley. Czolgosz, an anarchist, shot McKinley on September 6 during a public reception at the Temple of Music in Buffalo, N.Y. Despite early hopes of recovery, McKinley died September 14, in Buffalo, NY.

1927
Russian archaeologist Peter Kozloff apparently uncovers the tomb of Genghis Khan in the Gobi Desert, a claim still in dispute.

1929
Black Tuesday–the most catastrophic day in stock market history, the herald of the Great Depression. 16 million shares were sold at declining prices. By mid-November $30 billion of the $80 billion worth of stocks listed in September will have been wiped out.

1945
The first ball-point pen goes is sold by Gimbell's department store in New York for a price of $12.

1949
Alonzo G. Moron of the Virgin Islands becomes the first African-American president of Hampton Institute, Hampton, Virginia.

1952
French forces launch Operation Lorraine against Viet Minh supply bases in Indochina.

1964
Thieves steal a jewel collection–including the world's largest sapphire, the 565-carat "Star of India," and the 100-carat DeLong ruby–from the Museum of Natural History in New York. The thieves were caught and most of the jewels recovered.

1969
The U.S. Supreme Court orders immediate desegregation, superseding the previous "with all deliberate speed" ruling.

1969
First computer-to-computer link; the link is accomplished through ARPANET, forerunner of the Internet.

1972
Palestinian guerrillas kill an airport employee and hijack a plane, carrying 27 passengers, to Cuba. They force West Germany to release 3 terrorists who were involved in the Munich Massacre.

1983
More than 500,000 people protest in The Hague, The Netherlands, against cruise missiles.

1986
The last stretch of Britain's M25 motorway opens.

1998
South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission reports condemns both sides on the Apartheid issue for committing atrocities.

1998
John Glenn, at age 77, becomes the oldest person to go into outer space. He is part of the crew of Space Shuttle Discovery, STS-95.

1998
The deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record up to that time, Hurricane Mitch, makes landfall in Honduras (in 2005 Hurricane Wilma surpassed it); nearly 11,000 people died and approximately the same number were missing.

2004
For the first time, Osama bin Laden admits direct responsibility for the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the US; his comments are part of a video broadcast by the Al Jazeera network.

2008
Delta and Northwest airlines merge, forming the world's largest airline.

2012
Hurricane Sandy devastates much of the East Coast of the US; nearly 300 die directly or indirectly from the storm.

Born on October 29

1882
Jean Giraudoux, French dramatist, novelist and diplomat, famous for his book Tiger at the Gates.

1891
Fanny Brice, comedian, singer and actress.

1897
Joseph G. Göbbels, German Nazi Propaganda Minister who committed suicide in Hitler's bunker.

1905
Henry Green, novelist (Living, Party Going).

1910
A. J. Ayer, English philosopher.

1921
Bill Maudlin, American cartoonist whose GI characters "Willie" and "Joe" appeared in Stars and Stripes newspapers during World War II.

1938
Ralph Bakshi, Palestinian-American director of live films and animated full-length films for adults including 1972's Fritz the Cat (first animated film to be rated X by the Motion Picture Association of America), Wizards (1977) and The Lord of the Rings (1978).

1943
Don Simpson, film producer, screenwriter, actor; (co-producer Flashdance, 1985; Top Gun, 1986).

1945
Melba Moore, disco and R&B singer, actress ("You Stepped into My Life," "Lean on Me").

1946
Peter Green, guitarist, songwriter, founder of the band Fleetwood Mac; regarded as one of the greatest guitarists of all time.

1947
Richard Dreyfuss, actor (American Graffiti, Jaws; won Academy Award for Best Actor for 1977's The Goodbye Girl).

1948
Kate Jackson, actress, director, producer (original Charlie's Angels TV series, Scarecrow and Mrs. King TV series).

1954
Lee Child, author; creator of the Jack Reacher novel series.

1958
David Remnick, journals, author, magazine editor (The New Yorker); won Pulitzer Prize for Lenin's Tomb: The Last Days of the Soviet Empire (1994).

1971
Winona Ryder, actress, producer (Beetlejuice; Girl, Interrupted).

Take twice as long to eat half as much.

Tumia muda mrefu zaidi kula chakula kidogo zaidi.

Muda unaotumia kula na kiwango cha chakula unachokula vina madhara kwenye afya yako.

Nakutakia siku njema.

October 28

312
Constantine the Great defeats Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius at the Mulvian Bridge.

969
After a prolonged siege, the Byzantines end 300 years of Arab rule in Antioch.

1216
Henry III of England is crowned.

1628
After a fifteen-month siege, the Huguenot town of La Rochelle surrenders to royal forces.

1636
Harvard College, the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, is founded in Cambridge, Mass.

1768
Germans and Acadians join French Creoles in their armed revolt against the Spanish governor of New Orleans.

1793
Eli Whitney applies for a patent on the cotton gin, a machine which cleans the tight-clinging seeds from short-staple cotton easily and effectively–a job which was previously done by hand.

1863
In a rare night attack, Confederates under Gen. James Longstreet attack a Federal force near Chattanooga, Tennessee, hoping to cut their supply line, the "cracker line." They fail.

1886
The Statue of Liberty, originally named Liberty Enlightening the World, is dedicated at Liberty Island, N. Y., formerly Bedloe's Island, by President Grover Cleveland

1901
Race riots sparked by Booker T. Washington's visit to the White House kill 34.

1904
The St. Louis police try a new investigation method: fingerprints.

1914
The German cruiser Emden, disguised as a British ship, steams into Penang Harbor near Malaya and sinks the Russian light cruiser Zhemchug.

1914
George Eastman announces the invention of the color photographic process.

1919
Over President Wilson's veto, Congress passes the National Prohibition Act, or Volstead Act, named after its promoter, Congressman Andrew J. Volstead. It provides enforcement guidelines for the Prohibition Amendment.

1927
Pan American Airways launches the first scheduled international flight.

1940
Italy invades Greece, launching six divisions on four fronts from occupied Albania.

1944
The first B-29 Superfortress bomber mission flies from the airfields in the Mariana Islands in a strike against the Japanese base at Truk.

1960
In a note to the OAS (Organization of American States), the United States charges that Cuba has been receiving substantial quantities of arms and numbers of military technicians" from the Soviet bloc.

1962
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev orders Soviet missiles removed from Cuba, ending the Cuban Missile Crisis.

1965
Construction completed on St. Louis Arch; at 630 feet (192m), it is the world's tallest arch.

1971
Britain launches the satellite Prospero into orbit, using a Black Arrow carrier rocket; this is the first and so far (2013) only British satellite launched by a British rocket.

1982
The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party wins election, giving Spain its first Socialist government since the death of right-wing President Francisco Franco.

2005
Libby "Scooter" Lewis, chief of staff to Vice President Dick Cheney, resigns after being indicted for "outing" CIA agent Valerie Plame.

2007
Argentina elects its first woman president, Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner.

Born on October 28

1875
Gilbert Grosvenor, editor, turned the National Geographic Society's irregularly published pamphlet into a periodical with a circulation of nearly two million.

1896
Howard Hansen, composer, director of the Eastman School of music.

1903
Evelyn Waugh, English novelist who wrote Decline and Fall and Brideshead Revisited.

1909
Francis Bacon, English artist who painted expressionist portraits.

1912
Richard Doll, English epidemiologist who established a link between tobacco smoke and cancer.

1914
Jonas Salk, U.S. scientist who developed the first vaccine against polio.

1926
Bowie Kuhn, Commissioner of Major League Baseball (1969–1984).

1936
Charlie Daniels, country / Southern rock singer, songwriter, musician ("The Devil Went Down to Georgia").

1938
Anne Perry, an author of historical detective fiction, she was herself convicted at age 15 of aiding in the murder of a friend's mother in New Zealand; their crime was the basis for the 1994 film Heavenly Creatures.

1944
Anton Schlecker, founder of the Schlecker Company, which operated retail stores across Europe.

1949
Bruce Jenner, athlete, actor; won gold medal in the Decathlon at the Summer Olympics in Montreal (1976).

1951
Joe R. Lansdale, author ("Hap and Leonard" novel series, "Bubba Ho-Tep"); won World Horror Convention Grand Master Award 2007.

1955
William "Bill" Gates, the chairman and CEO of Microsoft Corporation, the world's largest software firm.

1967
Sophie, Hereditary Princess of Liechtenstein.

1967
Julia Roberts, actress (Pretty Woman, Steel Magnolias; won Academy Award for Best Actress in Erin Brockovich).

1967
John Romero, game designer, developer; co-founded id Software (Doom, Quake).

1972
Brad Paisley, country / Southern rock singer, songwriter, musician ("I'm Gonna Miss Her," "Letter to Me"); his many awards include the Country Music Association's Entertainer of the Year 2010.

Many an opportunity is lost because a man is out looking for four-leaf clovers.

Fursa nyingi zinapotea kwa sababu watu wanatafuta bahati.

Acha kutafuta bahati, fanyia kazi kila fursa inayokuja mbele yako. Kumbuka bahati ni pale maandalizi yanapokutana na fursa.

Nakutakia siku njema.

October 27

97
To placate the Praetorians of Germany, Nerva of Rome adopts Trajan, the Spanish-born governor of lower Germany.

1553
Michael Servetus, who discovered the pulmonary circulation of the blood, is burned for heresy in Switzerland.

1612
A Polish army that invaded Russia capitulates to Prince Dimitri Pojarski and his Cossacks.

1791
President George Washington transmits to Congress the results of the first US census, exclusive of South Carolina which had not yet submitted its findings.

1806
Emperor Napoleon enters Berlin.

1809
President James Madison orders the annexation of the western part of West Florida. Settlers there had rebelled against Spanish authority.

1862
A Confederate force is routed at the Battle of Georgia Landing, near Bayou Lafourche in Louisiana.

1870
The French fortress of Metz surrenders to the Prussian Army.

1873
Farmer Joseph F. Glidden applies for a patent on barbed wire. Glidden eventually received five patents and is generally considered the inventor of barbed wire.

1891
D. B. Downing, inventor, is awarded a patent for the street letter (mail) box.

1904
The New York subway officially opens running from the Brooklyn Bridge uptown to Broadway at 145th Street.

1907
The first trial in the Eulenberg Affair ends in Germany.

1917
20,000 women march in a suffrage parade in New York. As the largest state and the first on the East Coast to do so, New York has an important effect on the movement to grant all women the vote in all elections.

1922
In Italy, liberal Luigi Facta's cabinet resigns after threats from Mussolini that "either the government will be given to us or we will seize it by marching on Rome." Mussolini calls for a general mobilization of all Fascists.

1927
Fox Movie-tone news, the first sound news film, is released.

1941
In a broadcast to the nation on Navy Day, President Franklin Roosevelt declares: "America has been attacked, the shooting has started." He does not ask for full-scale war yet, realizing that many Americans are not yet ready for such a step.

1954
Benjamin O. Davis Jr. becomes the first African-American general in the US Air Force.

1962
American U-2 reconnaissance plane shot down by a surface-to-air missile over Cuba, killing the pilot, Maj. Rudolf Anderson, the only direct human casualty of the Cuban Missile Crisis.

1962
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev offers to remove Soviet missile bases in Cuba if the U.S. removes its missile bases in Turkey.

1964
The political career of future US president Ronald Reagan is launched when he delivers a speech on behalf of Republican presidential candidate Barry Goldwater.

1971
The Democratic Republic of the Congo renamed Zaire.

1986
London Stock Exchange rules change as Britain suddenly deregulates financial markets, an event called the Big Bang.

1988
US President Ronald Reagan decides to tear down a new US Embassy in Moscow because Soviet listening devices were built into the structure.

1997
Stock markets crash around the world over fears of a global economic meltdown.

Born on October 27

1728
Captain James Cook, British explorer.

1811
Isaac Singer, inventor of the sewing machine.

1858
Theodore Roosevelt, 26th president of the United States (1901-1909).

1914
Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet.

1923
Roy Lichtenstein, 'pop art' painter.

1927
Ruby Dee, actress and civil rights activist.

1932
Sylvia Plath, poet and novelist.

1939
John Cleese, actor-writer best known for comedy productions (Monty Python, Fawlty Towers).

1940
Maxine Hong Kingston, writer (The Woman Warrior, China Men).

1946
Peter Martins, Danish dancer and choreographer.

1950
Fran Leibowitz, writer (Metropolitan Life, Social Studies).

1958
Simon  Le Bon, lead singer of the band Duran Duran and Arcadia.

1975
Aron Ralston, outdoorsman, engineer, author; known for surviving an accident by amputating his own right forearm to escape from under a boulder that had trapped him for over five days.

Beauty is only skin-deep, but ugly goes clear to the bone.

Uzuri unaishia kwenye ngozi, ila ubaya unakwenda mpaka kwenye mifupa.

Acha kuonesha uzuri nje wakati ndani kumejaa ubaya, kuwa na uzuri kutoka ndani.

Nakutakia siku njema.

Binadamu huzaliwa na mifupa 300, lakini mpaka anapokuwa mtu mzima anakuwa amebaki na mifupa 206 tu.
Kinachosababisha mifupa ipungue ni kwamba baadhi ya mifupa huungana na kutengeneza mfupa mmoja.
Pia ndani ya sikio lako kuna mifupa midogo sana kama ulikuwa hujui pia.

Today in History
October 24

439
Carthage, the leading Roman city in North Africa, falls to Genseric and the Vandals.

1531
Bavaria, despite being a Catholic region, joins the League of Schmalkalden, a Protestant group which opposes Charles V.

1648
The signing of the Treaty of Westphalia ends the German Thirty Years' War.

1755
A British expedition against the French held Fort Niagara in Canada ends in failure.

1836
The match is patented.

1861
Western Union completes the first transcontinental telegraph line, putting the Pony Express out of business.

1863
General Ulysses S. Grant arrives in Chattanooga, Tennessee, to find the Union Army there starving.

1897
The first comic strip appears in the Sunday color supplement of the New York Journal called the 'Yellow Kid.'

1901
Anna Edson Taylor, 43, is the first woman to go safely over Niagara Falls in a barrel. She made the attempt for the cash award offered, which she put toward the loan on her Texas ranch.

1916
Henry Ford awards equal pay to women.

1917
The Austro-German army routs the Italian army at Caporetto, Italy.

1929
Black Thursday–the first day of the stock market crash which began the Great Depression.

1930
John Wayne debuts in his first starring role in The Big Trail .

1931
Al (Alphonse) Capone, the prohibition-era Chicago gangster, is sent to prison for tax evasion.

1934
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, called Mahatma or "Great Soul," resigns from Congress in India.

1938
The Fair Labor Standards Act becomes law, establishing the 40-hour work week.

1944
The aircraft carrier USS Princeton is sunk by a single Japanese plane during the Battle of Leyte Gulf.

1945
The United Nations comes into existence with the ratification of its charter by the first 29 nations.

1945
Vidkun Quisling, Norway's wartime minister president, is executed by firing squad for collaboration with the Nazis.

1952
Presidential candidate Dwight D. Eisenhower announces that if elected, he will go to Korea.

1970
Leftist Salvador Allende elected president of Chile.

1973
Yom Kippur War ends.

1980
Poland's government legalizes the Solidarity trade union.

1992
Toronto Blue Jays win the World Series, defeating the Atlanta Braves in the 11th inning of the 6th game, to become the first Major League Baseball team from outside the US to win the series.

2003
The supersonic Concorde jet made its last commercial passenger flight from New York City's John F. Kennedy International Airport to London's Heathrow Airport, traveling at twice the speed of sound.

2008
Many stock exchanges worldwide suffer the steepest declines in their histories; the day becomes known as "Bloody Friday."

Born on October 24

1632
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Dutch naturalist.

1788
Sarah Josepha Hale, magazine editor and poet whose book Poems for Our Children included "Mary Had a Little Lamb" (the first words to be recorded in sound)

1904
Moss Hart, American playwright who, with George S. Kaufman, wrote plays such as You Can't Take it with You and The Man who came to Dinner.

1911
Sonny Terry, blues performer.

1923
Denise Levertov, English poet.

1929
George Henry Crumb, American composer.

1930
The Big Bopper (Jiles Perry Richardson, Jr.), singer, songwriter, musician; an early star of rock 'n' roll ("Chantilly Lace"), he died in the same plane crash that killed Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and the pilot, Roger Peterson.

1933
Ronald and Reginald Kray, gangsters whose gang, The Firm, was the most infamous organized crime group in London's East End in the 1950s and '60s.

1941
Dr. William H. Dobelle, biomedical researcher who developed technology that restored limited sight to blind patients.

1942
Frank Delany, Irish author, journalist, broadcaster; best known for his novel Ireland and non-fiction book Simple Courage: A True Story of Peril on the Sea.

1958
Gen. Vincent K. Brooks, US Army's Deputy Director of Operations during the Iraq War that deposed dictator Saddam Hussein; presently (2013) commander of Third Army.

Defeat may test you; it need not stop you. If at first you don't succeed, try another way. For every obstacle there is a solution. Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence. The greatest mistake is giving up.

Kushindwa kunaweza kukujaribu, lakini hakuwezi kukuzuia. Kama kwa mara ya kwanz ahujafanikiwa jaribu tena kwa mara nyingine. Kwa kila kikwazo kuna suluhisho. Hakuna kinachoweza kuchukua nafasi ya uvumilivu.

Kosa kubwa unaloweza kufanya kwenye maisha yako ni KUKATA TAMAA.

Kamwe usikate tamaa.

Kamwe kamwe usikate tamaa.

TUPO PAMOJA.

Mara nyingi kwenye jamii zetu huwa tunawaona watu waliofanikiwa kama watu wenye bahati. Yaani walikutana na bahati ndio maana wamefikia mafanikio makubwa sana.
Inaweza kuwa kweli ila hujui nini maana ya bahati.
BAHATI NI PALE MAANDALIZI YANAPOKUTANA NA FURSA.
Hivyo ili na wewe upate bahati una kazi mbili za kufanya;
1. Kujiandaa kwa kiwango cha juu sana, weka mipango na jifunze.
2. Kutafuta fursa inayoendana na maandalizi yako.
Baada ya hapo mafanikio ni wewe tu kuendelea kuweka juhudi kubwa na kuendelea kujifunza kila siku.
TUPO PAMOJA.